Skip to Main Content

APA 7th Edition Citation Examples

One Author

Reference list citation

Courtois, C. A. (2004).

In-text citation

(Courtois, 2004)

Two Authors

Reference list citation

Kelley, P. C., & Chang, P. L. (2007).

In-text citation

(Kelley & Chang, 2007)

Three or More Authors

Reference list citation

Hughes, J. C., Brestan, E. V., & Valle, L. A. (2004).

*When there are more than 20 authors, include the first 19 authors' names followed by an ellipsis (. . .) and the final author's name.

In-text citation

(Hughes et al., 2004)

When a work has three or more authors, in-text citations consist of the first author's name followed by "et al." (Latin for "and others") and the date.

Group Author

Reference list citation

American Dietetic Association. (1999).

In-text citation

First citation:
(American Dietetic Association [ADA], 1999)

Subsequent citations:
(ADA, 1999)

No Authors Listed

Reference list citation

None to claim their bones: Relics of an old Brooklyn graveyard. (1888, April 12). New York Times, pp. 3-4.

List the source by title in your reference list. Alphabetize reference list entries beginning with a title using the primary word of the title (excluding a, an, and the).

In-text citation

("None to Claim Their Bones," 1888)

In cases where the title contains a colon, use only the text before the colon in your in-text citation.

Two or More Works by the Same Author in the Same Year

Reference list citation

Koriat, A. (2008a). Easy comes, easy goes? The link between learning and remembering and its exploitation in metacognition. Memory & Cognition, 36, 416–428. https://doi.org/10.3758/MC.36.2.416

Koriat, A. (2008b). Subjective confidence in one’s answers: The consensuality principle. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 34, 945–959. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-7393.34.4.945

When works have the same author and were published in the same year, alphabetize the references by title (disregarding the words A, An, and The at the beginning of a title) and then add a lowercase a, b, c, etc. after the year in both the in-text citation and the reference list entry.

In-text citation

(Koriat, 2008a).

(Koriat, 2008b).

For sources without a date, use a dash (-) to connect the additional letters. Example: (Smith, n.d.-a) and (Smith, n.d.-b)

More info

See Publication Manual, pp. 289-291.