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Chicago Citation Examples

Ibid. (Latin, short for ibidem, meaning "the same place")

Please note: The use of Ibid. is discouraged in the 17th ed. of the Chicago Manual of Style.

The first time a source is cited, give the complete information as in the above example. However, for the second and next consecutive reference to the same source (with the same page number) use Ibid. If the reference is the same, but the page is not, add the page number, like this: Ibid., 44.

For subsequent reference to the same source, but later in the paper, use an abbreviated version of the reference, using the author's last name, a shortened version of the title, and the page number. For example: Deans, Kroeger, and Zeisel, HBR, 21.