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HIST 156 & 157: Finding Secondary Sources For History Research

A guide to secondary sources for HIST 156 & 157

Secondary Sources Webinar

Primary vs. Secondary

Primary Source
Secondary Source
poem / novel
critique
letter / diary
anthology / scholarly article
interview / oral history
book / scholarly article
empirical research article
literature review
law / court case
essay / review
census data / data set
analysis of data
memoir / autobiography
biography
photographs / speeches
political commentary / analysis

Secondary Source Quiz

Searching Tips

How do I choose keywords for my searches?

  • Words to include
    For a History research topic, you would want to include, at the very least, the main concepts in your question. These will usually be nouns (people, places, things) rather than verbs (actions).
  • Use quotation marks around phrases
    If the concept is longer than one word, e.g. Roman Republic, you can optimize your search by putting quotation marks around the phrase. Using quotation marks will ensure that the database finds results that use that exact phrase.  
  • Use AND
    To search for more than one concept at a time, link your search terms with and. This strategy will narrow your search. 
"Roman Republic" and  "social class"

Found too many results?

  • Add more keywords
    If you find that you are retrieving too many results, try adding more keywords to further narrow your topic.
"Roman Republic" and "social class" and plebs

Found too few results?

  • Use OR
    If you are searching for a more obscure topic, you may not find much information about the concepts you have chosen. In this case you can try broadening your search by using or to link your terms. This strategy will broaden your search because it will return results either of the terms linked by or.
"Roman Republic" and  (consul OR senate)

 

  • Look for more general information 
    If you are still having trouble finding enough information, try looking for more general information.
"Roman Republic" AND government

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