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Biology

A Library Subject Guide

Boolean Search Tips

Use:

  • Always capitalize Boolean Operators (AND, OR, NOT) in your search statement.

  • AND
    This strategy will narrow your search. 
  • OR
    This strategy will broaden your search. Put words linked by OR inside parentheses ( ).
  • Quotation marks " "
    Using quotation marks will ensure that the database finds results that use that exact phrase.
  • Asterisk * 
    The * symbol tells the database to search for alternative word endings, for example: cultur* will search for culture, cultures, cultural

Keyword Searching

How do I choose keywords for my searches?

  • Words to include
    For a biology research project, you would want to include the main concepts from your topic
  • Use quotation marks
    If any of the concepts are longer than one word, you can optimize your search by putting quotation marks around them. Using quotation marks will ensure that the database finds results that use that exact phrase.  
  • Use AND
    To search for several concepts, you need to link your search terms with AND. This strategy will narrow your search. 
cloning AND "stem cells"

Found too many results?

  • Add more keywords
    If you find that you are retrieving too many results, try adding more keywords to further narrow your topic.
cloning AND "stem cells" AND ethics

Found too few results?

  • Use OR
    Think of alternative keywords and add them to your search using OR. Put keywords linked by OR inside parentheses. 
cloning AND "stem cells" AND (ethics OR laws OR legislation)​

Video Review on Keywords

Video Review on Searching

More Research Help

You can review your searching skills with our Database Searching Basics guide and this UMGC Library Webinar on Boolean Searching.