Biology
A Library Subject Guide
Boolean Search Tips
Use:
-
Always capitalize Boolean Operators (AND, OR, NOT) in your search statement.
- AND
This strategy will narrow your search. - OR
This strategy will broaden your search. Put words linked by OR inside parentheses ( ). - Quotation marks " "
Using quotation marks will ensure that the database finds results that use that exact phrase. - Asterisk *
The * symbol tells the database to search for alternative word endings, for example: cultur* will search for culture, cultures, cultural
Keyword Searching
How do I choose keywords for my searches?
- Words to include
For a biology research project, you would want to include the main concepts from your topic - Use quotation marks
If any of the concepts are longer than one word, you can optimize your search by putting quotation marks around them. Using quotation marks will ensure that the database finds results that use that exact phrase. - Use AND
To search for several concepts, you need to link your search terms with AND. This strategy will narrow your search.
cloning AND "stem cells"
Found too many results?
- Add more keywords
If you find that you are retrieving too many results, try adding more keywords to further narrow your topic.
cloning AND "stem cells" AND ethics
Found too few results?
- Use OR
Think of alternative keywords and add them to your search using OR. Put keywords linked by OR inside parentheses.
cloning AND "stem cells" AND (ethics OR laws OR legislation)
Video Review on Keywords
Video Review on Searching
More Research Help
You can review your searching skills with our Database Searching Basics guide and this UMGC Library Webinar on Boolean Searching.