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CBR 600: Communicating, Problem Solving, and Leading in Cybersecurity

A Library Subject Guide

APA Citation Examples

Classroom Materials

No official APA format for citing online classroom materials exists - this is merely a recommended format to use in citing such documents.


Course Module - Material Created or Adapted by UMGC

Author. (Year). Title of document. Retrieval information.

UMGC. (n.d.). Lecture 5: Leadership and strategic thinking. Document posted in University of Maryland Global Campus HCAD 600 9041 online classroom, archived at http://campus.umgc.edu


Course Reading - Material Authored by a Source Other than UMGC

Author name. (Year). Document title.  Retrieval information.

Health.gov. (2018). Leading health indicators. Retrieved from https://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/leading-health-indicators/2020-LHI-Topics

When no author is named, begin with the title, followed by the publication year, etc. When no publication years is given, use (n.d.) for no date.

Journal Article from a Library Database

If there is a DOI 

Author last name, author first initial. (Year). Article title. Journal title, volume(issue), pages. DOI URL

Dumais, S. A., Rizzuto, T. E., Cleary, J., & Dowden, L. (2013). Stressors and supports for adult online learners: Comparing first- and continuing-generation college students. American Journal of Distance Education, 27(2), 100-110. https://doi.org/10.1080/08923647.2013.783265


If there is no DOI, simply end the reference citation with the page numbers

Author last name, author first initial. (Year). Article title. Journal title, volume(issue), pages. 

Reitzes, D. C., & Mutran, E. J. (2004). The transition to retirement: Stages and factors that influence retirement adjustment. International Journal of Aging and Human Development, 59(1), 63-84. 

Ebook from a Library Database

If there is a DOI 

Author last name, author first initial. (Year). Ebook title. Publisher name. DOI URL

Chaffe-Stengel, P., & Stengel, D. (2012). Working with sample data: Exploration and inference. Business Expert Press. https://doi.org/10.4128/9781606492147


If there is no DOI, then cite as a print book.

Author last name, author first initial. (Year). Ebook title. Publisher name.

Burgess, R. (2019). Rethinking global health: Frameworks of power. Routledge.

Web Page

Author last name, author first initial. (Date). Web page title. Website publisher, if different than author. URL

McKinney, J.L. (2023, October 27). The most broken court in America. Slate. http://www.slate.com/news-and-politics/2023/10/the-most-broken-court-in-america.html

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (n.d.). What is health literacy? https://www.cdc.gov/healthliteracy/learn/index.html